2018

Fatal Violence Against Transgender & Gender-Non-Conforming People

Combined analysis and case-by-case dataset. Data independently verified via local news and court records.
Victim list sourced from HRC's 2018 Fatal Violence Report. All case details verified through independent sources.

26
Total Victims
Documented transgender/GNC fatalities
12
Cases Solved
46% of homicides
13
Unsolved
Including 1 with accomplice only charged
73%
Killed by Firearm
19 of 26
Chart 1: Identified Suspects by Race/Ethnicity
Solved homicide cases with identified suspects. N = 13 suspects.
Note: Of 13 identified suspects, 7 (54%) were Black, 3 (23%) were White, and 3 (23%) were Hispanic. Black suspects were the largest group despite Black Americans comprising ~13% of the U.S. population; however, the victim pool was also disproportionately Black (77%), and most violence was intraracial.
Chart 2: Victims by Race/Ethnicity
All 26 victims documented in 2018
Note: Black transgender women comprised 20 of 26 victims (77%), confirming the extreme disproportionality of lethal violence toward this demographic. Latina victims represented 12% (3) and White victims 12% (3).
Chart 3: Suspect → Victim Race Pairings (Specific)
Each bar = one specific pairing. Green = intraracial, Red = interracial. N = 13 solved cases.
Finding: 11 of 13 solved cases (85%) were intraracial — the suspect and victim shared the same racial category. Two cases were interracial (Black suspect → Latina victim; Hispanic suspect → Black victim). This largely mirrors national homicide patterns where most violence occurs within racial groups.
Chart 4: Solved vs. Unsolved by Victim Race
Racial disparity in case resolution. N = 26.
Key disparity: Only 7 of 20 Black victims' cases were solved (35%), compared to 3 of 3 for White victims (100%) and 3 of 3 for Latina victims (100%). The stark disparity in solve rates by victim race is consistent with systemic under-investigation of homicides affecting Black transgender women.
Chart 5: Bias Motive Coding
All 26 victims coded by bias motive evidence
Methodology: Confirmed = hate crime charges or explicit LE statement. Suspected = evidence of animus, no charge. No Evidence = documented alternative motive (IPV, robbery, serial killing). Unknown = insufficient info or unsolved with no motive.
Chart 6: Bias Motive by Suspect Race
Solved cases only — suspects with known race. N = 13.
Note: No cases in 2018 resulted in confirmed hate crime charges. The 2 "Suspected" cases both involved Black suspects in intimate/sexual encounters with Black trans women (Stanton and Stough), where concealment of the relationship or trans identity may have been a factor.

Complete Research Dataset — 2018
Chronological order. Sources are local news and court records. All cases independently verified.
#Victim NameRaceAgeCity, StateDateCause of DeathCircumstancesPolice-InvolvedBias MotiveSuspect(s)Suspect RaceSuspect GenderSuspect AgeStatusSource
1Christa Leigh Steele-KnudslienWhite42North Adams, MAJan 5, 2018Stabbed / bludgeoned Killed by her husband with a hammer and knife in their home after a domestic argument. He confessed to police the same night, saying he "snapped." NoNo Evidence Mark Steele-Knudslien (husband)WhiteMale47 Convicted The Independent
2Viccky GutierrezLatina33Los Angeles, CAJan 10, 2018Stabbed / arson Met suspect online for paid sex; he demanded a refund. When she refused, he stabbed her and set the apartment on fire. Arrested the next day. NoNo Evidence Kevyn RamirezHispanicMale29 Convicted CBS Los Angeles
3Zakaria FryWhite28Albuquerque, NMJan 18, 2018Blunt force trauma She and her 70-year-old roommate were bludgeoned to death by a man staying with them. Bodies found a month later in trash bins 40 miles away; suspect used victim's credit cards. Spiess was sentenced to 30 years in prison. NoUnknown Charles Anthony Spiess (a.k.a. James Knight)WhiteMale32 Convicted KRQE
4Celine WalkerBlack36Jacksonville, FLFeb 4, 2018Gunshot Shot multiple times in an Extended Stay hotel room after an argument with someone she had a previous relationship with. DNA match led to arrest 19 months later; suspect admitted to the killing. Phoenix pleaded guilty to second-degree murder in October 2020 and was sentenced to 35 years in Florida State Prison. NoUnknown Sean Bernard PhoenixBlackMale21 Convicted Jacksonville.com
5Tonya HarveyBlack35Buffalo, NYFeb 6, 2018Gunshot Shot and killed on a dead-end street on Buffalo's East Side. DA investigated as a potential hate crime but ultimately concluded the killing was NOT a hate crime. $4,000 Crime Stoppers reward offered. As of 2021, family still seeking justice; possible witness-silencing motive identified by Erie County DA. No arrest made. Bias coding: Changed from Unknown to No Evidence — Erie County DA concluded the killing was not motivated by anti-transgender bias. NoNo Evidence Unsolved Buffalo News
6Phylicia MitchellBlack45Cleveland, OHFeb 23, 2018Gunshot Shot in the chest inside her home. Her roommate Gary Sanders was charged with aggravated murder. At trial, Sanders was acquitted of murder but convicted of involuntary manslaughter, felonious assault, and weapons charges. Sentenced to 15.5 years. Prosecutors said the killing was not transgender-related. NoNo Evidence Gary Lamar SandersBlackMale36 Convicted WSAZ
7Amia Tyrae BerrymanBlack28Baton Rouge, LAMar 26, 2018Gunshot Found shot to death at the Shades Motel on Airline Highway in Baton Rouge. Surveillance footage showed Dedrick Butler entering Berryman's motel room just after 1 AM; a gunshot was heard minutes later. Butler was seen on video calmly leaving and fleeing in a black four-door vehicle. Police used the victim's phone to identify Butler and arrested him four days later on March 30, 2018. Charged with second-degree murder, possession of a firearm by a convicted felon, and possession of a weapon with an obliterated serial number. Indicted by grand jury. Bond set at $350,000. Note: HRC and LGBTQ advocacy organizations initially reported this case but never published follow-up coverage of the arrest, creating a persistent gap in community datasets. NoUnknown Dedrick ButlerBlackMale22 Arrested / Indicted WBRZ
8Sasha WallBlack29Chesterfield County, SCApr 1, 2018Gunshot (multiple) Found shot multiple times in her running car on a rural road on Easter Sunday; the car had been idling ~2 hours. Phone missing. Sheriff believes she knew her killer. $1,000 reward offered. As of May 2025, Chesterfield County has a dedicated "war room" for this case; evidence has been resubmitted for forensic testing. The murder weapon and Wall's cellphone remain missing. This is the county's only unsolved homicide in 17 years. NoUnknown Unsolved Post and Courier
9Karla Patricia Flores-PavónLatina26Dallas, TXMay 9, 2018Strangulation Strangled in her apartment. Suspect met her online, was arrested 8 days later during a traffic stop with her property. Police determined motive was robbery. Note: Initial police reports described the suspect as a "Latin male"; Johnson is Black. Johnson convicted of capital murder on August 18, 2022 (jury deliberated 14 minutes) and sentenced to automatic life without parole. NoNo Evidence Jimmy Eugene Johnson IIIBlackMale24 Convicted Dallas Voice
10Nino FortsonBlack36Atlanta, GAMay 13, 2018Gunshot A transgender man/gender-nonconforming person shot during a street argument. Fortson fired a gun in the air and walked away before being shot by someone in the group. Atlanta Police Department stated there was "no evidence at all" that gender identity played a role. Bias coding: Changed from Unknown to No Evidence — APD explicitly found no connection to gender identity; the altercation was interpersonal. NoNo Evidence Unsolved Atlanta Journal-Constitution
11Gigi PierceWhite28Portland, ORMay 21, 2018Gunshot Shot during a sidewalk altercation with friend Sophia Adler. A grand jury reviewed evidence over 3 days and declined to indict Adler for murder, ruling self-defense after finding Pierce had a knife and attempted to stab Adler. Adler pled guilty only to unlawful firearm possession (no concealed carry license) and was sentenced to 100 days in jail. NoNo Evidence Sophia Grace Adler (self-defense ruled)WhiteFemale33 Self-Defense KOIN
12Antash'a EnglishBlack38Jacksonville, FLJun 1, 2018Gunshot Shot in a drive-by and found between two abandoned homes. Before dying, she told police the suspect wore a gray hoodie and left in a gray four-door car. Performer at InCahoots Night Club for 10 years. Jacksonville's 2nd trans homicide of 2018. NoUnknown Unsolved OutSFL
13Diamond StephensBlack39Meridian, MSJun 18, 2018Gunshot Shot in the back of the head while driving home. Her van crashed into a house. One or two other individuals may have been in the vehicle. Police/media misgendered her for over a month. NoUnknown Unsolved WTOK
14Cathalina Christina JamesBlack24Jacksonville, FLJun 24, 2018Gunshot Shot at the Quality Inn hotel. Police released a suspect sketch and surveillance footage of a beige/white suspect vehicle in August 2018. $3,000 Crime Stoppers reward offered. Jacksonville's 3rd trans homicide of 2018, prompting activists to fear a serial killer targeting trans women. James' father believes she was targeted. NoUnknown Unsolved OutSFL
15Keisha WellsBlack54Cleveland, OHJun 24, 2018Gunshot Shot in a parking lot; 11 shell casings found. Last seen at Cocktails bar. James Butler was charged with complicity to aggravated murder for his role in the killing and disposal of the body, but the primary shooter remains unidentified. NoUnknown James Butler (accomplice only)BlackMale27 Unsolved Cleveland.com
16Sasha GardenBlack27Orlando, FLJul 19, 2018Trauma (unspecified) Found dead at an Orlando apartment complex with trauma to her body. She was a sex worker and aspiring hairstylist from Milwaukee. Sheriff initially misgendered her. $5,000 reward offered. NoUnknown Unsolved OutSFL
17Dejanay StantonBlack24Chicago, ILAug 30, 2018Gunshot Shot in the head in a South Side alley. She had a secret sexual relationship with 17-year-old Tremon Hill (400+ texts). Hill expressed suicidal feelings about the relationship and asked her to delete their photos before killing her. NoSuspected Bias Tremon T. HillBlackMale17 Arrested Chicago Sun-Times
18Vontashia BellBlack18Shreveport, LAAug 30, 2018Gunshot Found shot in the chest and wrist on a Shreveport street around 4:30 AM. She was a senior at Woodlawn High. Youngest known trans victim of 2018. No arrest made. NoUnknown Unsolved KSLA
19Shantee TuckerBlack30Philadelphia, PASep 5, 2018Gunshot (8 times) Shot 8 times on Old York Road after arguing with someone in a black pickup truck. She had just turned 30. The area was known as a stroll for trans sex workers. Police said the killing was not motivated by gender identity. NoUnknown Unsolved PhillyVoice
20Londonn Moore (Tyren Kinard)†Black20North Port, FLSep 8, 2018Gunshot (multiple) Found shot multiple times in the head and upper body, left face-down on a remote street. Her car was found days later in Punta Gorda, less than a quarter mile from the suspect's home. Police linked Juan Salazar-Diaz through fingerprints on a cigarette pack at the scene and DNA in the victim's car. Phone records showed prior contact between the two. Salazar-Diaz, who had six prior felony convictions and had been released from prison only months before, was convicted of second-degree murder and grand theft auto in March 2024 and sentenced to life without parole in June 2024 under Florida's prison releasee re-offender law. †Note: At trial, prosecutors and the victim's mother confirmed Kinard identified as a gay man, not transgender. Included per HRC listing, but classification is disputed. NoUnknown Juan Jose Salazar-DiazHispanicMale~21 Convicted MySuncoast (WWSB)
21Nikki EnriquezLatina28Laredo, TXSep 15, 2018Gunshot Shot in the head by serial killer Juan David Ortiz, an active-duty Border Patrol intelligence supervisor who targeted sex workers. Ortiz had been a regular customer of most of his victims, paying for sexual encounters, but also expressed hatred for sex workers, telling investigators he wanted to "clean up the streets." Nikki was one of four victims killed over a 12-day span. Ortiz convicted of capital murder on all four counts in December 2022 and sentenced to life without parole. His appeal was denied in mid-2024. NoNo Evidence Juan David Ortiz (serial killer, Border Patrol)HispanicMale35 Convicted NPR
22Ciara Minaj Carter FrazierBlack31Chicago, ILOct 3, 2018Stabbing (multiple) Stabbed multiple times in an abandoned building after an argument with a man. Body left in the backyard. She was a sex worker known in the ballroom scene; neighbors saw a regular male client in a white car. A person of interest was briefly detained in October 2018 but released; Cook County State's Attorney rejected felony charges for insufficient evidence. CPD clearance rate for trans homicides is only 14% (per 2024 Chicago Sun-Times investigation). NoUnknown Unsolved Chicago Sun-Times
23Regina Denise BrownBlack53Orangeburg, SCOct 10, 2018Beaten / arson Found dead in her burning home. Police allege suspect Kenneth Jenkins beat her during an altercation, set the house on fire, and fled in her car. Jenkins, a recently released ex-convict, was charged with murder after allegedly confessing. NoUnknown Kenneth Lamont JenkinsBlackMale37 Arrested Times and Democrat
24Brittany WhiteBlack29Dallas, TXOct 21, 2018Gunshot Found shot to death inside her car in southeast Dallas. Police investigated potential ties to serial killer Kendrell Lavar Lyles, who was arrested in June 2019 for the murders of Muhlaysia Booker and two others (FBI assisted). However, no charges were ever filed against Lyles or anyone else for White's murder specifically. Note: Dallas Voice initially described the victim as a gay man; HRC counted her as a transgender woman. NoUnknown Unsolved NBC DFW
25Tydi DansburyBlack37Baltimore, MDNov 26, 2018Gunshot Found with a gunshot wound on Guilford Avenue at 4:15 AM after neighbors reported hearing an argument. Died at the hospital. A dark-colored car was seen speeding from the scene. Case remains open. NoUnknown Unsolved Washington Blade
26Kelly Stough (Keanna Mattel)Black36Detroit, MIDec 7, 2018Gunshot Found shot on a Detroit street near an area known for sex work. Former pastor Albert Weathers (of Logos Church, Detroit) was arrested 3 days later; he claimed self-defense. Prosecutors said it was a dispute over payment for sex. A sex worker testified Weathers routinely sought trans women. Weathers pled guilty to second-degree murder on July 27, 2023, and was sentenced September 8, 2023, to 8 years for murder plus 2 years for felony firearm. Case prosecuted through the Fair Michigan Justice Project. NoSuspected Bias Albert Weathers (former pastor)BlackMale46 Convicted Detroit News
Methodology: Victim list from HRC's 2018 report. All details independently verified via local news and court records. HRC assessments not used for bias motive, case status, or suspect demographics. All suspect race designations independently verified via mugshots, booking photos, official police descriptions, or court records (February 2026 audit). Key corrections from 2026 audit: Amia Tyrae Berryman (#7) was solved within 4 days — Dedrick Butler arrested March 30, 2018 (HRC and LGBTQ advocacy sources never reported the arrest, creating a persistent error in community datasets). Keisha Wells (#15): James Butler charged with complicity to aggravated murder but primary shooter remains unidentified — counted as unsolved. Brittany White (#24): Included per HRC listing; Dallas Voice reported the victim also identified as a gay man. Londonn Moore (#20)†: At trial, prosecutors and the victim's mother confirmed the victim (Tyren Kinard) identified as a gay man, not transgender — included per HRC listing but classification is disputed. Nino Fortson (#10): Identified as a transgender man / gender-nonconforming person. Gigi Pierce (#11): Sophia Adler was initially charged with murder but a grand jury declined to indict; the killing was ruled self-defense. Adler pled guilty only to unlawful firearm possession — not counted as a murder suspect. Bias coding changes: Tonya Harvey (#5): Changed from Unknown to No Evidence — Erie County DA concluded the killing was not a hate crime. Nino Fortson (#10): Changed from Unknown to No Evidence — Atlanta PD stated there was "no evidence at all" that gender identity was a factor. Jimmy Eugene Johnson III (#9): Initial police reports described suspect as a "Latin male"; suspect is Black — race verified via mugshot and court records.